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Martyrdom of Polycarp
The ''Martyrdom of Polycarp'' is one of the works of the Apostolic Fathers, and as such is one of the very few writings from the actual age of the persecutions. Polycarp was Bishop of Smyrna around the years AD 155-160 (possibly AD 170-180). The letter as a whole takes influence from both Jewish martyrdom texts in the Old Testament and the Gospels. Furthermore, the ''Martyrdom of Polycarp'' promotes an ideology of martyrdom, by delineating the proper conduct of a martyr.
==Manuscript tradition==
Modern critical editions of the ''Martyrdom of Polycarp'' (''MartPol'') are compiled from three different categories of manuscript: seven Greek manuscripts, the fourth century ''Ecclesiastical History'' of Eusebius of Caesarea, and a single Latin manuscript. The Greek manuscripts are all from the tenth to the thirteenth centuries. Of the seven manuscripts, six provide a similar account of the martyrdom of Polycarp and are thus believed to represent a single family of texts. The seventh manuscript, however, known as the Moscow Codex and dating to the thirteenth century, contains a more elaborate final chapter (22.2–3).
In addition to the Greek manuscripts there are also the writings of Eusebius related in his ''Ecclesiastical History'', written around AD 324–325. Eusebius heavily summarizes the martyrdom and ends his account at 19.1, omitting the concluding sections that relate the transmission of the text, as well as the passion narrative parallels.
The Latin version of the ''Martyrdom'' dating from the tenth century exists as an independent account of the martyrdom but does not offer any variance upon the text.
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